Proper footwear: choose shoes that protect your health

Wearing the wrong shoes can make pain, balance problems, swelling, or foot wounds worse—especially if you take medications that affect nerves, circulation, or balance. Good shoes don’t have to be expensive. They should fit, protect, and match the health issues you face.

Why proper footwear matters

Feet are your foundation. Bad shoes change how you stand and walk, which can increase knee, hip, and back pain. If you have diabetes or neuropathy, a tight seam or rough edge can cause blisters that turn into ulcers. If your medicine causes dizziness or swelling, the wrong sole or a tight toe box raises your risk of falls and pressure sores.

Choosing the right shoe reduces pain, prevents wounds, and helps you stay steady on your feet. That saves time, money, and hassle with doctor visits or extra treatments.

Practical tips to pick the right shoes

Measure both feet and try shoes at the end of the day—feet swell as the day goes on. Always pick the size for the larger foot. Stand and walk in the shoes for a few minutes before buying; try the shoes with the socks you’ll wear most.

Look for a roomy toe box so toes aren’t cramped. Avoid high heels and very thin soles if you have balance or nerve problems. A low, stable heel and a firm, non-slip sole give better support. Cushioning helps comfort but too-soft soles can reduce stability.

For swelling, choose shoes with adjustable straps or stretch panels. For sweaty feet or infections, breathable materials like mesh or leather help reduce moisture. Seamless interiors and soft lining cut down on friction for sensitive skin.

If you have flat feet or high arches, use over-the-counter insoles or custom orthotics from a podiatrist. Orthotics can change how pressure spreads across the foot and reduce pain in knees and back.

Rotate shoes—don’t wear the same pair every day. Let shoes air out and recover their shape. Check the tread and midsole: if the shoe flexes too much in the middle or the tread is worn unevenly, it’s time to replace them. For runners, replace shoes every 300–500 miles; for everyday shoes, expect 6–12 months depending on wear.

When to see a professional: if you have numbness, non-healing sores, persistent pain, or frequent falls, get a podiatrist or your primary care provider involved. If medications cause swelling or dizziness, talk to your prescriber—adjusting treatment can make footwear choices easier.

Good shoes protect more than your feet. They help prevent injuries, reduce pain, and keep you moving. Spend a few minutes on fit and features now, and you’ll avoid bigger problems later.