Hepatitis B Screening Update — CDC's July 2024 Guidance

The CDC changed its hepatitis B screening rules in July 2024 and now recommends testing every adult aged 18 and older with a triple panel. That’s the first big update in 15 years, aimed at finding infections earlier and cutting down long-term liver damage. If you haven’t been tested, this change matters for you and people you care about.

What changed and why it matters

Before this update, testing focused mainly on people with known risk factors. Now the CDC says everyone 18+ should get a three-part blood test: HBsAg (shows current infection), anti-HBs (shows immunity), and anti-HBc (shows past exposure). Universal testing finds people who didn’t know they were infected and opens the door to treatment and vaccination.

Early detection reduces the chance of cirrhosis and liver cancer. It also helps stop spread to partners, family members, or newborns. The CDC’s move aligns with national goals to cut viral hepatitis by 2030, so more people getting tested helps the whole community.

What the triple panel results mean and what to do

Here’s a simple guide you can use when you get your results. If HBsAg is positive, it means you have a current infection and need follow-up care — your provider will usually order liver tests and a viral load (HBV DNA) and may refer you to a liver specialist. If anti-HBs is positive and anti-HBc is negative, you’re immune from vaccination. If anti-HBc is positive but HBsAg is negative, it means past exposure; your doctor may check more tests to be sure.

If you’re susceptible (no markers of infection or immunity), the next step is vaccination. The hepatitis B vaccine is given in a series and works well to prevent infection. If you test positive, your healthcare team will discuss monitoring, possible antiviral treatment, and steps to protect partners and household members.

Where to get tested? Ask your primary care provider, local clinic, sexual health center, or community health department. Many places offer low-cost or free testing. If you have limited access to care, look for community clinics or programs that specialize in infectious disease screening.

Don’t ignore the change because it sounds technical. Testing is quick, and the results give clear next steps: vaccinate if you need it, get follow-up care if infected, and protect others. If you’re unsure what your results mean, call your clinic — they can explain the tests in plain language and help you plan the next steps.

Want to take action today? Schedule a screening, bring a list of questions to your appointment, and make sure your close contacts know about vaccination and testing options. Small steps now can prevent major problems later.